September 23, 2003
One paragraph in this quote from the previous post is very troublesome (source: MSNBC):
What Clark meant, his aides scurried to say, was that he would have voted aye only to pressure Saddam Hussein into allowing more inspections, and as a way of scaring the United Nations into taking more action. But that was the rationale many Democrats in the Senate (including Kerry and Clinton) used to justify their yes vote. Dean, by contrast, agreed with Gore: that a yes vote on the resolution was tantamount to giving Bush a strategic blank check, sanctioning the president's theory of pre-emptive war. Dean says he would have voted no; Rep. Dennis Kucinich actually did so.
In October of 2002, the U.S. Congress passed this resolution which explicitly authorized the use of U.S. Armed forced in Iraq. The resolution passed the House of Representatives by a vote of 296-133 and the U.S. Senate with a 77-23 margin. Nearly a year later, several prominent (Democratic) Representatives and Senators have come out and declared that they did not really vote for a resolution to use force. Wesley Clark has also declared that he would have voted for this resolution but only as leverage to help achieve a U.N.-based solution.

This whole "Resolution as Leverage" idea is intellectually dishonest. When the vote was taken in 2002, it was politically expedient to vote in favor of the resolution. Now that the Presidential campaign is in full swing, these candidates are trying to appeal to their base constituency by stating that they only voted for it as diplomatic leverage but has no intention to go to war. It is an untenable position to declare support for the resolution and in the same breath condemn the war.

Here is a portion of the text they overwhelmingly approved:

SECTION 3, ARTICLE B

(b) PRESIDENTIAL DETERMINATION - In connection with the exercise of the authority granted in subsection (a) to use force the President shall, prior to such exercise or as soon thereafter as may be feasible, but no later than 48 hours after exercising such authority, make available to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate his determination that

(1) reliance by the United States on further diplomatic or other peaceful means alone either (A) will not adequately protect the national security of the United States against the continuing threat posed by Iraq or (B) is not likely to lead to enforcement of all relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq;

(2) acting pursuant to this resolution is consistent with the United States and other countries continuing to take the necessary actions against international terrorists and terrorist organizations, including those nations, organizations or persons who planned, authorized, committed or aided the terrorists attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001.

There is no ambiguity in this language. The President was fully authorized to use force in Iraq by the Congress if diplomatic means failed. Was there ever any doubt that diplomatic means would fail miserably? There were numerous U.N. Resolutions against Iraq since the first gulf war and each one produced zero progress in dealing with the beligerance of Saddam Hussein and the oppression of the Iraqi people. Diplomacy was and always would be ineffective against Saddam because no one was willing to enforce it prior to March, 2003.

In order for "Resolution as Leverage" to work, there must be true resolve behind the resolution. There also must be a track record of action when the "lever" does not accomplish its desired result. U.S. foreign policy under the Clinton Administration was heavy on talk and light on action. Talk is acceptable when the objectives are being achieved but when talks break down and no action follows, the "lever" becomes flaccid and powerless. Nothing illustrates this better then the words of Uday Hussein a few days into Gulf War II:

"This time I think the Americans are serious. Bush is not like Clinton. I think this is the end."
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